Services
Network service is the cornerstone of operations at LNCS. Whether you need a complete network design, diagnostic services or a single workstation modification, our certified engineers are here to keep your business working more effectively, cost efficiently and trouble free. At LNCS, we listen closely to your business needs and invest time in getting to know your business firsthand. No matter what your service needs may be, LINCS has an engineer for you. We provide professional service for you 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. |
Network architectures
operational procedures, and data formats used as the bases for the design, construction, modification, and operation of a communications network. The structure of an existing communications network, including the physical configuration, facilities, operational structure, operational procedures, and the data formats in use. With the development of distributed computing, the term network architecture has also come to denote classifications and implementations of distributed computing architectures. For example the applications architecture of the telephone network PSTN has been termed the Advanced Intelligent Network. There are any number of specific classifications but all lie on a continuum between the dumb network (e.g. Internet) and the intelligent computer network (e.g. the telephone network PSTN). Other networks contain various elements of these two classical types to make them suitable for various types of applications. Recently the context aware network which is a synthesis of the two has gained much interest with its ability to combine the best elements of both. Network Planning and Design Network planning and design is an iterative process, encompassing topological design, network-synthesis, and network-realization, and is aimed at ensuring that a new network or service meets the needs of the subscriber and operator. The process can be tailored according to each new network or service. This is an extremely important process which must be performed before the establishment of a new telecommunications network or service. A traditional network planning methodology involves four layers of planning, namely:
Each of these layers incorporate plans for different time horizons, i.e. the business planning layer determines the planning that the operator must perform to ensure that the network will perform as required for its intended life- span. The Operations and Maintenance layer, however, examines how the network will run on a day-to-day basis. Topological design: This stage involves determining where to place the components and how to connect them. The (topological) optimisation methods that can be used in this stage come from an area of mathematics called Graph Theory. These methods involve determining the costs of transmission and the cost of switching, and thereby determining the optimum connection matrix and location of switches and concentrators. Network-synthesis: This stage involves determining the size of the components used, subject to performance criteria such as the Grade of Service (GoS). The method used is known as "Nonlinear Optimisation", and involves determining the topology, required GoS, cost of transmission, etc., and using this information to calculate a routing plan, and the size of the components. Network realization: This stage involves determining how to meet capacity requirements, and ensure reliability within the network. The method used is known as "Multicommodity Flow Optimisation", and involves determining all information relating to demand, costs and reliability, and then using this information to calculate an actual physical circuit plan. [1] These steps are interrelated and are therefore performed iteratively, and in parallel with one another. The planning process is highly complex, meaning that at each iteration, an analyst must increase his planning horizons, and in so doing, he must generate plans for the various layers outlined above. During the process of Network Planning and Design, it is necessary to estimate the expected traffic intensity and thus the traffic load that the network must support. If a network of a similar nature already exists, then it may be possible to take traffic measurements of such a network and use that data to calculate the exact traffic load. However, as is more likely in most instances, if there are no similar networks to be found, then the network planner must use telecommunications forecasting methods to estimate the expected traffic intensity. The forecasting process involves several steps as follow:
The purpose of dimensioning a new network/service is to determine the minimum capacity requirements that will still allow the Teletraffic Grade of Service (GoS) requirements to be met . To do this, dimensioning involves planning for peak-hour traffic, i.e. that hour during the day during which traffic intensity is at its peak. The dimensioning process involves determining the network’s topology, routing plan, traffic matrix, and GoS requirements, and using this information to determine the maximum call handling capacity of the switches, and the maximum number of channels required between the switches. A dimensioning rule is that the planner must ensure that the traffic load should never approach a load of 100%. To calculate the correct dimensioning to comply with the above rule, the planner must take on-going measurements of the network’s traffic, and continuously maintain and upgrade resources to meet the changing requirements. Wireless Site Surveys Service A wireless site survey, or wireless survey, is the process of planning and designing a wireless network, in particular an 802.11 Wi-Fi wireless network, to provide a wireless solution that will deliver the required wireless coverage, data rates, network capacity, roaming capability and Quality of Service (QoS). The survey usually involves a site visit, visual inspection and analysis of building floor plans. Interviews with IT management and the end users of the wireless network are important, to determine the design parameters for the wireless network. Independent studies have shown that most of the Wi-Fi wireless networks installed today are not optimally designed or installed, and many do not provide the service that they were intended to. Because of this, stringent wireless site surveys, planning and design exercises are becoming essential, especially to support the new breed of wireless services such as Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) and real-time location services. Wireless site survey can also mean the walk-testing, auditing, analysis or diagnosis of an existing wireless network, particularly one which is not providing the level of service required. Local Area Networks (LAN) Service A local area network is a computer network covering a small geographic area, like a home, office, or group of buildings. Current LANs are most likely to be based on switched IEEE 802.3 Ethernet technology, running at 10, 100 or 1,000 Mbit/s, or on IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi technology. Each node or computer in the LAN has its own computing power but it can also access other devices on the LAN subject to the permissions it has been allowed. These could include data, processing power, and the ability to communicate or chat with other users in the network. The defining characteristics of LANs, in contrast to WANs (wide area networks), include their much higher data transfer rates, smaller geographic range, and lack of a need for leased telecommunication lines. Wide Area Network (WAN) Service Wide Area Network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a broad area (i. e., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries). Or, less formally, a network that uses routers and public communications links. Contrast with personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), campus area networks (CANs), or metropolitan area networks (MANs) which are usually limited to a room, building, campus or specific metropolitan area (e.g., a city) respectively. The largest and most well- known example of a WAN is the Internet. WANs are used to connect LANs and other types of networks together, so that users and computers in one location can communicate with users and computers in other locations. Many WANs are built for one particular organisation and are private. Others, built by Internet service providers, provide connections from an organization's LAN to the Internet. WANs are often built using leased lines. At each end of the leased line, a router connects to the LAN on one side and a hub within the WAN on the other. Leased lines can be very expensive. Instead of using leased lines, WANs can also be built using less costly circuit switching or packet switching methods. Network protocols including TCP/IP deliver transport and addressing functions. Protocols including Packet over SONET/SDH, MPLS, ATM and Frame relay are often used by service providers to deliver the links that are used in WANs. X.25 was an important early WAN protocol, and is often considered to be the "grandfather" of Frame Relay as many of the underlying protocols and functions of X.25 are still in use today (with upgrades) by Frame Relay. Wide area networks can be broken down into three areas: Mathematical models, network emulation and network simulation. Network Services
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